![]() Lincoln Bicentennial 4 reverse designs (2009).Shown below are the different cent designs that have been produced mintage figures can be found at United States cent mintage figures. ![]() Until 1857 it was about the size of the current U.S. The coin has gone through several designs over its two-hundred-year time frame. In addition, a full 50-cent roll of pre-1982/3 coins weighs 5.4 oz (150 g) compared to a post-1982–83 roll which weighs 4.4 oz (120 g). The predominantly zinc coins make a lower-pitched "clunk" when hitting the surface, and make no sound when flipped in the air while the copper coins produce a higher-pitched ringing sound. The bronze and copper cents can be distinguished from the newer zinc cents by dropping the coins on a solid surface, or by flipping them in the air with your thumb. With the exception of 2009 bicentennial cents minted specifically for collectors, United States cents minted after 1982 have been zinc with copper plating. Some 1982 cents used the 97.5% zinc composition, while others used the 95% copper composition. The cent's composition was changed in 1982 because the value of the copper in the coin started to rise above one cent. Aluminum was chosen, and over 1.5 million samples of the 1974 aluminum cent were struck before ultimately being rejected. This led the Mint to test alternative metals, including aluminum and bronze-clad steel. From 1944 to 1946, salvaged ammunition shells made their way into the minting process, and it was not uncommon to see coins featuring streaks of brass or having a considerably darker finish than other issues.ĭuring the early 1970s, the price of copper rose to the point where the cent contained almost one cent's worth of copper. ![]() Similarly, some 1944 steel cents have been confirmed. A few copper cents from 1943 were produced from 1942 planchets remaining in the bins. In 1943, at the peak of World War II, zinc-coated steel cents were made for a short time because of war demands for copper. The isotope composition of early coins spanning the period 1828 to 1843 reflects the copper from Cornish ores from England, while coins after 1850 reflect the Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan ores, a finding consistent with historical records. Zinc-coated steel (also known as 1943 steel cent)Ĭopper-plated zinc (97.5% zinc, 2.5% copper) The composition of the penny has varied over time: YearsĨ8% copper, 12% nickel (also known as NS-12) As of 2022 there are no firm plans to do so. This pushed the mint to look for alternative metals again for the coin, and also brought the debate about eliminating the coin into more focus. In the early 2010s, the price of metal used to make pennies rose to a noticeable cost to the mint which peaked at more than $0.02, a negative seigniorage, for the $0.01 face-value coin. Pennies is the plural form (not to be confused with pence, which refers to the unit of currency). The colloquial term penny derives from the British coin of the same name, which occupies a similar place in the British system. Treasury's official name is "one cent piece". Mint's official name for the coin is " cent" and the U.S. The current copper-plated zinc cent issued since 1982 weighs 2.5 grams, while the previous 95% copper cent still found in circulation weighed 3.11 g (see further below). ![]() Four different reverse designs in 2009 honored Lincoln's 200th birthday and a new, "permanent" reverse – the Union Shield – was introduced in 2010. From 1959 (the sesquicentennial of Lincoln's birth) to 2008, the reverse featured the Lincoln Memorial. The penny is issued in its current form as the Lincoln cent, with its obverse featuring the profile of President Abraham Lincoln since 1909, the centennial of his birth. Due to inflation, pennies have lost virtually all their purchasing power and are often viewed as an expensive burden to businesses, banks, government (especially mints) and the public in general. cent was produced in 1787, and the cent has been issued primarily as a copper or copper-plated coin throughout its history. currency since the abolition of the half-cent in 1857 (the abstract mill, which has never been minted, equal to a tenth of a cent, continues to see limited use in the fields of taxation and finance). It has been the lowest face-value physical unit of U.S. The cent, the United States one-cent coin (symbol: ¢), often called the " penny", is a unit of currency equaling one one-hundredth of a United States dollar.
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